What is ADHD? Evaluation and treatment process
Edited by Brittany Albright MD, MPH
ADHD stands for Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder. It is a common neurodevelopmental disorder that affects both children and adults. ADHD is characterized by a persistent pattern of inattention and/or hyperactivity-impulsivity that interferes with daily functioning or development. It is important to note that individuals with ADHD are often very intelligent.
The symptoms of ADHD include difficulty paying attention or staying focused, being easily distracted, forgetfulness, disorganization, procrastination, hyperactivity, restlessness, fidgeting, impulsivity, interrupting others, and difficulty waiting for one's turn.
There are three types of ADHD: predominantly inattentive, predominantly hyperactive-impulsive, and combined type. The predominantly inattentive type is characterized by symptoms of inattention but not hyperactivity-impulsivity. The predominantly hyperactive-impulsive type is characterized by symptoms of hyperactivity-impulsivity but not inattention. The combined type is characterized by symptoms of both inattention and hyperactivity-impulsivity.
ADHD can be diagnosed by a qualified healthcare professional, such as a psychiatrist, psychologist, or pediatrician, based on a comprehensive evaluation that includes a medical history, behavioral observations, and rating scales. At Sweetgrass Psychiatry, we can supply rating scales to your family members and we often request additional information from your loved ones, will ask you questions about your childhood, and may require previous mental health records and/or neuropsychological testing.
There are several treatment options available for ADHD. The most common treatments include medication, behavioral therapy, and lifestyle changes. The treatment approach will vary depending on the individual's symptoms, age, and overall health.
Medication: Medication is often the first-line treatment for ADHD. The most commonly prescribed medications for ADHD are stimulants, such as Ritalin, Focalin, Vyvanse and Adderall, which work by increasing the levels of dopamine and norepinephrine in the brain, helping to improve focus and attention. Non-stimulant medications, such as Strattera, may also be used. These medications take longer to work but can be helpful for people who experience side effects from stimulants.
Behavioral therapy: Behavioral therapy, such as cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) or behavior modification, can be effective in improving attention and reducing impulsivity in individuals with ADHD. Behavioral therapy involves teaching specific skills, such as time management and organization, and providing strategies to help manage ADHD symptoms.
Lifestyle changes: Making lifestyle changes can also be helpful in managing ADHD symptoms. These can include getting regular exercise, maintaining a healthy diet, getting enough sleep, and reducing stress. A structured daily routine and organizational strategies can also be helpful.
It's important to note that there is no one-size-fits-all approach to treating ADHD. Treatment should be tailored to each individual's needs, and a combination of different treatments may be necessary to achieve the best results. A qualified healthcare professional, such as a psychiatrist, psychologist, or pediatrician, can help determine the best treatment approach for an individual with ADHD.
At Sweetgrass Psychiatry, we are experts in ADHD. Call 843-800-1303 for an ADHD evaluation today at our Isle of Palms or Mount Pleasant office. We require in person evaluations if you are needing a simulant/controlled medication such as Adderall, Ritalin, Vyvanse, Focalin, Adenys, Concerta, Cotempla, etc. Please note that your initial visit is a consultation and does not guarantee a diagnosis or treatment.
